GIFT  OF 


Contents. 
«"1  The  prophecy.  1794.  By  Dr.  Timothy  Dwight.  (Pc 

*#  Assembly  bill  no.  49.  Introduced  by  Mr.  Holder 
18,  11365.  An  act  to  establish  an  agricultur 
mechanical  arts  college  in  Sonoma  County. 

^5  Agricultural  college.  Address  of  Hon.  A.  A.  S 
Sept.  21,  1865. 

u4.  Report  of  the  Committee  cof  the  Senate}  on  /St 
university  to  whom  was  referred  memorial  of  t 
Mechanics  institute  of  San  Francisco.  Feb. 

*£  Mining  schools  in  the  U.  S.,  by  J.  A.  Church. 
(U.C.  p. 21-22)  (Repr.  fr.  North  American  re<v 
Jan.  1871). 

^  Report  con  the  Oakland  college  block  property. 
1871. 

*i  Our  state  university  and  the  aspirant  to  the  p 
cby  Gustavus  Schulte^  1872. 

^  Columbia's  wrath,  not  sparing  the  Regents  of  t 
university  of  California  cby  Gustavus  Schult 

t-9  The  resignation  of  the  Board  of  regents,  (the 
members  excepted)  dictated  by  a  sense  of  hor 
duty  cby  Gustavus  Schultei  1'874. 

"10  Reply  of  D.  C.  Gilman  to  criticisms  of  the  Uni 
California  made  by  the  Rev.  Robert  Pattersor 
Oakland,  c 1873 3  (with  two  letters  concerning 

vll  Report  on  the  water  supply  of  the  Univ.  of  Cal 
cby  Frank  Soule,jr.i  1874. 

v!2  Report  on  the  water  supply  of  the  Univ.  of  Cai 
cby  a  special  committee  of  the  Regents 3  Dec. 

Report  of  the  Committees  on  P-U-  lie  buildings  a 
grounds  of  the  Senate  and  Assembly,  c 1875-76 

Majority  and  minority  reports  of  the  Senate  cc 
on  education  relative  to  Assembly  bill  no.  2 
c!875-765  (Concerning  abolition  of  Board  of 
etc. 3) . 

15  Report  of  the  Committee  on  education  to  the  Aa 
22d  session.  c!878:j. 

v/16  Report'  of  the  Senate  committee  on  education.  F 

17  Report  of  the  cAssemblyi  committee  on  educatic 

1883. 

18  Report  of  cAs^sembly}  committee  on  Agricultural 

and  Mechanics  arts  college.  Feb.13,  1883. 


(  3°  ) 

SEC.  37.  But,  in  the  opiiiion  of  the  undersigned,  it  would  be 
very  inexpedient  that  any  controversy  should  arise  between  the 
Regents  and  the  City  of  Oakland  in  this  matter.  If  the  Regents 
did  not  know  of  the  proceedings  for  improving  Webster  Street, 
they  ought  to  have  known,  and  cannot  fairly  avail  themselves  of 
their  ignorance.  Yet  it  is  very  desirable  that  the  College  Block 
should  be  contained  in  one  inclosure,  and  used  in  one  body,  so  long 
as  the  University  continues  to  occupy  it ;  and  there  is  no  immediate 
pressing  necessity  for  using  Webster  Street  as  an  existing,  open 
street.  Doubtless  an  arrangement  could  be  made  with  the  City 
Council  of  Oakland,  satisfactory  to  both  parties,  and  under  which 
neither  party  would  lose  or  compromise  its  rights. 

JOHN   W.   DWIXELLE. 


Our  State  University 


AND 


-Jj  *^f 

Ik  pmtmnt  ta  tto 

T         \l 


New  dangers  tm^  bcs(;ttin,^  IK  r  !  Tlu;  Pi\;sidenti;il  combat  rages  !  Truth  then,  the  wholt- 
truth  go  forth  !  Sans  malice,  fear  or  favor  ! — Gr.  8. 

In  the,  broad  daylight  of  froo  inquiry  and  full  information,  the  people  arc  responsible  for 
every  public  ,'ibuse. — (TOY.  BOOTH. 


On     hand    at    all     the     principal     Bookstores. 


WAS  IT  REALITY?  WAS 
IT  A  DREAM? 


A  bright  but  fickle  light,  reflected  inward  from  an  en- 
circling rim  it  seemed  of  beaming  ll  Golden  Eagles"  * 
shone  high  in  the  heavens  above  the  young  Athens  of 
the  Pacific  Slope.  Swiftly  lowering  o'er  a  "fabric" 
sadly  frail  below,  the  golden  rays — the  rays  of  hope  and 
promise  —  chased  the  shades  of  night  and  gloom, 
through  which  many  an  eye  many  a  time  had  vainly 
attempted  to  descry  a  beauteous  temple — a  temple  of 
learning — august  and  true  in  its  proportions. 

When  lo  !  the  light  grew  dim,  and  within  the  golden 
circle  were,  'midst  fast  returning  shadows  faintly  seen, 
the  form  and  features  of  a  human  being,  holding  in  his 
grasp  the  rim  of  "Golden  Eagles,'7  and  shouting  through 
the  midnight  air  : 

For  me  the  Presidency  for  this  ! 

For  this  the  Presidency  for  me  ! 

Sundry  figures,  members  of  a  secret  conclave — as  in 
a  tableau  grouped  around — seemed  to  sustain  the  dubi- 
ous form  ;  the  stalwart  form  perchance  of , 

a  paragon  in  science,  art  or  letters,  an  arduous 
searcher  in  the  vast  expanse  of  nature,  a  fruitful  rev- 

*  $300,000   appropriation. 


eller  in  the  domain  of  thought,  a  bold  expounder  of  new 
truths,  and  robed  withal  in  the  dignity  befitting  a  High 
Priest  in  the  educational  sanctum. 

Sad  delusion  !  Monstrous  mockery  !  A  last  ray — a 
dying  ray  of  hope  and  promise,  a  fickle  and  derisive  ray, 
an  Ignis  Fatuns — skipped  across  the  scene,  and  re- 
vealed—  0  temporal  0  mores ! — revealed , 

a  professional  toiler  in  the  fields  of  litigation,  tricks  and 
quibs  ;  an  incognito  at  least  in  those  of  science,  art  or 
letters  ;  an  able  politician,  yet  in  whom  have  faith 
neither  the  Press  nor  the  people  ;  one  who,  in  the  Goat 
Island  Grab,  upheld  the  interests  of  a  private  corpora- 
tion, and  ignored  the  public  interests  not  merely  of  the 
metropolis,  but  also  those  of  his  own  city — Oakland— 
which  generously,  (unwittingly,  it  may  be)  surrendered 
its  all,  the  whole  of  its  water  front,  for  what  ? 

For  tliat  very  Terminus  which  is  now  to  be  Goat  Island ! 
One  in  whom  the  adulator  and  abettor,  the  mocker  and 
the  cynic,  alike  feign  to  behold  a  modern  Demosthenes 
with  all  of  the  great  Greeks'  fiery  invective,  a  modern 
Cicero,  with  the  fullness  of  the  Ancients'  graceful  dic- 
tion ;  in  whom,  however,  honest  undissembling  critics, 
mth  pain,  detect  somewhat  of  the  tone  and  action,  the 
self-sufficient  smile — ever  encircling  vain-glorious  lips — 
of  the  Bombastes  Furioso,  rather  than  the  manly, 
earnest  and  inspiring,  the  only  true,  eloquence  of  the 
true  orator — that  eloquence  which,  in  moving  the  head, 
also  moves  the  heart ;  one,  in  fine,  a  Regent  who,  despite 
the  repeated  opposition  of  the  secret  Board,  (see  min- 
utes of  the  reports  of  the  meetings)  the  strenuous  re- 
monstrances of  the  faculties,  the  students,  the  Press  and 
the  people,  lowered  instead  of  raising  the  low  standard 
of  the  University,  an  institution  by  the  people  and  the 
Legislature  ordained  to  be  the  crowning  fabric,  pure  and 


undefiled,  of  the  widely  ramified  educational  system  of  the 
State ;  who,  as  it  were,  alone  advocated,  legislated  and 
created  a  preparatory  appendage,  and  in  direct  contra- 
vention of  article  79  of  the  organic  law,  as  an  integral 
part  incorporated  a  boarding-school  for  boys — a  Kin- 
dergarten — T  .  .  .  .  's  Kindergarten,  as  the  students,  the  Oak- 
landers  and  the  Alta  gave  it  at  the  time  ;  indignantly 
regarded  as  antagonistic  to  the  true  character  of  any 
University;  as  interfering  with  the  interests  of  prepara- 
tory schools  at  Oakland  and  elsewhere,  which  tax-pay- 
ing contributors  to  the  university  themselves  are  with 
the  high  schools  its  natural  feeders,  and  as  such  not  to 
be  undermine'd,  but  to  be  encouraged  and  increased  in 
number. 

In  this  appendage,  then — this  incongruous  append- 
age, fully  ventilated  at  the  time  in  a  treatise  entitled  : 
'  1A  (/lance  at  the  State  University  and  the  Educational  Sys- 
tems of  America  and  Germany  " — the  Regent  did  indeed  ap- 
pend, as  we  in  it  foretold,  and  since  so  proved,  a  disturbing 
agent,  an  unwieldy  weight,  an  incubus  of  debts,  deficits, 
rubs  and  frictions,  now  long  deserted  by  the  boyish 
bipeds,  to  the  great  delights  of  students  and  professors, 
and  even  of  the  erudites  in  the  secret  conclave  too  ;  and/ 
in  lieu  thereof,  abundantly  filled  with  winged  and  creep- 
ing multipeds. 

He  did,  through  its  establishment — as  also  foretold, 
and  since  so  proved — indeed  not  prepare  a  bed  of  roses 
for  his  fellows  in  the  secret  conclave,  (merchants,  specu- 
lators and  lawyers  chiefly)  eminent  in  their  respective 
spheres,  it  must  be  admitted,  but  inexperienced  in  high 
educational  and  scholastic  administration,  and  unknown 
in  the  walks  of  the  sciences  and  mechanic  arts,  pro- 
fessed and  taught  in  the  divers  colleges  composing  the 
institution.  Men,  therefore,  who  as  directors,  regents, 


anomalously  direct  what  they  themselves  do  not  com- 
prehend, (this  seems  incredible  in  our  country,  so  prac- 
tical par  excellence)  and  what  those  practically  ac- 
quainted with  these  studies,  or  graduated  in  them, 
alone  can  and  should  direct ;  men.  in  fine,  who,  in  the 
past,  misled  by  party  bias  and  undue  favoritism,  and 
deprived  of  a  fit  referee  and  counsellor  in  the  President 
of  the  Faculty  as  an  ex-officw  member  of  the  Board, 
have,  in  their  labors,  been  rewarded  with  but  poor  re- 
sults, have  ill-applied  the  funds  we  intrusted  to  their 
care,  and  throughout  ignored  the  friendly  counsel  tend- 
ered by  experienced  educators,  and  the  Press,  both  of 
San  Francisco  and  the  country. 

The  proudest  feature  of  the  State  University  was  also 
destroyed,  inadvertently  it  may  be.  A  tuition  fee  v:as  en- 
forced in  the  appendage,  the  integral  part  of  the  ilfree  Univer- 
sity,'' then  still  so-called,  but  merited  no  longer,  though 
so  once  decreed — in  honor,  be  it  said — through  a  gen- 
erous impulse  of  the  Regents,  whose  shortcomings  after 
all  were  more  those  of  the  head  than  of  the  heart.  The 
"Free  Um't'ersifi/"  became  a  ludicrous  anomaly;  inthe  mouth  of 
some  a  hypocritical  boast;  in  the  mouth  of  the  stranger  a  mor- 
tifying sneer. 


Xow,  what  was  the  Regent's  motive?  What  his 
aim?  Why  was  invested  a  sum  of  upwards  of  $100,- 
000  for  the  purchase  of  grounds  and  buildings  for  his 
department  ?  Why  engaged  as  master  at  $250,  (say  two 
hundred  and  fifty  dollars)  a  month,  with  a  large  corps 
of  teachers,  while  the  agricultural  college  could  not  be 
completed  for  want  of  funds,  its  foundation  crumbling 
away  at  Berkeley  ;  that  college  which,  in  accordance 
with  a  distinct  stipulation,  found  in  the  organic  laws 


was  to  be  put  in  active  operation  jSral  of  all  and  prior  to 
am /  other  department ;  while  there  were  no  professors  in 
the  University  for  the  studies  prescribed  for  the  third 
and  fourth  year  of  the  course  in  agriculture,  horti- 
culture, mining,  metallurgy,  laboratory  practice,  &c.— 
an  evil  which  threatened  to  end  in  the  farcical  opera- 
tion, at  the  recent  awarding  of  diplomas,  of  bestowing 
the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Agriculture  upon  a  student 
of  the  Agricultural  College  who  had  not  been  able  to 
study  divers  branches  pertaining  to  his  course,  and 
against  which  farce  the  University  students  and  proba- 
bly the  graduate  himself  objected,  by  a  written  appli- 
cation to  the  secret  Board  of  Regents. 

What,  then,  in  view  of  these  circumstances,  was  the 
Regent's  motive  ?  What  his  purpose  ?  Truth,  which  dis- 
sembles not, would  gladly  not  respond;  yet,  the  Presiden- 
tial struggle  raging,  Duty,  the  imperative  duty  of  citizen, 
tax-payer  and  educator — upon  the  direct  request  of  many 
disaffected  fellow-citizens,  some  holding  the  highest  posi- 
tions in  the  trust  of  the  people,  and  all  having  the  inter- 
est of  the  (in  the  past)  ill-used,  abused  and  ill-cared-for 
infant  university  at  heart — now  without  malice,  fear,  or 
favor,  unfolds  to  the  Regents  of  the  reconstructed,  still 
secret  Board  before  they  act,  to  the  members  of  the 
Faculty  before  they  acvise,  (and  even  to  the  students 
before  they  make  their  organ,  the  "  Echo,"  speak) — to 
the  fathers,  the  educators,  the  University's  friends,  and 
above  all  to  the  Press  throughout  the  State — what  was 
whispered  everywhere  among  the  oaks  in  the  classic 
groves  of  the  Athens  of  the  Pacific  slope. 

The  whispers  claim — hush  !  it  cannot  so  be — that  the 
motive  was  mainly  love  of  self  ;  and  the  purpose — the  vend- 
ing of  a  certain  goodly  estate  and  a  decay  ing  private  school 
adjoining  the  Oakland  University  Building,  for  the  sum 


of  upwards  of  $100,000,  and  from  the  heirs  and 
owners,  for  services  rendered,  the  receipt  of  a  goodly 
bonus  or  percentage  of  $10,000  in  shining  tl  golden 
eagles,"  or  the  equivalent  in  land  ;  that  the  Regents  in 
the  fortuitous  capacity  of  Regent,  Agent  and  Legislator, 
did  pass  the  Enabling  Act  to  establish  the  department 
and  to  purchase  the  required  grounds  and  buildings, 
the  adjoining  goodly  estate  and  decaying  private  school ; 
that  he  in  the  same  fortuitous  capacity  of  Regent,  Com- 
mittee man  and  Purchaser,  did  purchase  the  adjoining 
goodly  estate  and  decaying  private  school  ;  that  he  in 
the  not  less  fortuitous  capacity  of  Regent.  Agent  and 
Vendor,  did  vend  the  adjoining  goodly  estate  and  decay- 
ing private  school ;  and  finally,  that  he.  for  the  manifold 
and  intricate  duties  performed  as  Legislator,  Regent, 
Agent,  Purchaser  and,  Vendor,  did  pocket  the  well  mer- 
ited (leaving  out  of  consideration  the  University  and 
tax-payers)  $10,000,  more  or  less,  in  the  same  kind  of 
glittering  '•  golden  eagles  "  which  the  human  form  in 
our  vision  was  holding  in  his  grasp  while  shouting 
through  the  midnight  air  :  For  me  the  Presidency  for 
this  !  For  this  the  Presidency  for  me  !  ....  .... 


....  ....      Was  it  reality  ?      Was  it  a  dream  ?   The 

circle  of  beaming  "  golden  eagles  v  we  ere  long 
beheld,  the  human  form  within,  the  few  sustainers 
from  the  secret  conclave  grouped  around,  the  fabric 
sadly  frail  which  had  risen  on  the  educational  horizon  ? 
But  three  }~ears  passed  as  the  sun  on  a  bright  summer 
morn,  resplendent  with  a  glorious  promise — all  was 
concealed  in  densest  gloom.  Yet  soon  the  twilight 
gleams  of  a  new-born  day  were  seen  slowly  ascending 
in  the  Eastern  sky.  and  lo  !  with  them the  Gov- 


ernor  of  the  State,  the  new  and  it  would  seem  unwilling 
presiding  head  of  the  secret  conclave,  surrounded  by 
some  of  its  old  and  all  its  new  members,  with  citizens 
in  vast  array  behind.  Fast  approaching  from  afar, 
their  bodies  forward  bent  and  arms  outstretched,  they 
pointed  all  with  stern  and  angry  mien  upon  the  spectral 
scene  above  the  fabric,  again  in  part  illumined  by  the 
coming  morn — 

"  Thus  far,  and  indeed  no  farther  "  — 
in  tones  of  thunder,  from  the  multitude,  rent  the 
troubled  twilight  air,  and  for  ever  chased  away  the 
phantasmic  specters.  Then  from  the  Governor's  lips, 
with  the  fervent  pathos  of  a  pathetic  soul,  burst  forth, 
and  ^Eolus  on  the  winds  conveyed  to  mount  and  valley 
town  and  hamlet,  these  momentous  words  : 

"America,  awake  !  Arise,  great  land  of  promise  and 
the  future !  Upon  thee  the  eyes  of  the  world  are  bent ! 
Protect  thy  holiest  of  holy,  the  education  of  thy  children  I 
From  the  polluting  breath  of  faction,  the  baneful  touch 
of  party  favoritism,  from  hateful  egotism  and  cor- 
ruption, keep  it  at  least  intact !  It,  the  vital  organ 
through  which  circulates  the  quickening  blood  of  thy 
Republican  organism — thy  heart,  indeed,  whose  normal 
or  abnormal  throbbing  to  thee  brings  Life  or  Death ! !" 

It  was  morning.  All  had  vanished,  and  in  the 
heavens  in  its  stead  was  seen  a  beauteous  mirage,  true 
and  clear,  of  a  majestic  temple,  overarching  the  whole 
of  the  Pacific  slope,  and  descending  near  Berkeley's 
lovely  plain. 

Aurora,  radiant,  and  with  a  glory  beaming,  spread 
her  roseate  mantle  far  and  high  above  the  mountain 
chain  of  Contra  Costa.  The  hills  and  valleys  leaped 
with  joy.  Sprightly  zephyrs,  kissing  the  still  slumber- 


8 

ing  waters  of  the  Bay,  roused  them  to  a  festive  dance 
of  mirth  and  glee,  and  at  last  the  most  glorious  sun, 
we  ween,  that  ever  rose  in  nature,  swept  swiftly  o'er 
the  mountain  crest  on  high. 


Time  rolled  on  !  Where  the  rugged  Hill  and  maiden 
Plane  in  holy  wedlock  joined,  gave  birth  to  gentle 
Slopes,  clad  in  a  drapery  of  freshest  emerald,  decked 
with  varied  flowers  and  trimmed  with  winding  silver- 
brooks,  overhung  with  foliage  ever  green,  there  stood 

THE    STATE    UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

Once  more  the  ''Free  University"  undefiled,  its  scope 
and  range  the  universe  and  universal  civilization  ; 
though  no  longer  the  typus  of  a  military  school, 
making  the  study  of  military  science  arbitrarily  compul- 
sory to  all ;  no  longer  chasing  from  its  halls  the  true 
student,  and  thus  modest  but  ardent  disciple  of  wis- 
dom, learning  and  scientific  skill,  on  whose  back  a 
tinseled  uniform  is  torture — to  whose  manly  dignity 
and  noble  amour-propre  is  repulsive  the  mere  playing  at 
soldier  through  the  crowded  thoroughfare  with  boyish 
ostentation;  though  numb-skulls — and  numb-skulls 
only — who  do  not  come  for  study,  eagerly  don  the 
showy  garb  to  strut  as  turkey-cocks  upon  our  lawns 
and  streets,  attract  the  gaze  of  servant  girls,  and  receive 
the  blushing  smiles  of  maidens  of  sixteen  summers. 
The  University's  standard  had  risen  high — as  high,  or 
higher  than  the  famous  seats  of  learning  in  Fatherland 
that  gave  a  Humboldt  to  the  world,  an  Agassiz  to 
America  ;  graduating  the  philosopher  and  scientist  to 
divulge  the  secrets  of  humanity  and  nature,  and  b}7 
their  side  the  tutored  mechanic  to  utilize  the  powers  in 


9 

iron  and  in  steam,  the  learned  agriculturist  to  make 
the  earth  produce,  the  fearless  and  erudite  miner  to 
draw  forth  the  boundless  treasures  from  her  bosom  ;  its 
directors,  regents — not,  as  heretofore,  merchants,  specula- 
tors and  lawyers  chiefly,  in  secret  sessions  disposing 
of  the  people's  funds,  (or  wealthy  nabobs,  too,  without 
one  grain  of  Peabodyism  in  their  heavy  frames,  and  do- 
ing naught  for  a  poverty-stricken,  sickly  and  languish- 
ing infant  institution  entrusted  to  their  care,  while  an 
outsider,  a  foreigner  to  the  land — to  California's  dis- 
grace it  has  to  be  confessed — makes  the  first  endow- 
ment deserving  of  the  name  !)  But  instead  of  such,  or 
in  addition  to  such  regents,  practical  and  experienced 
representatives  of  the  divers  branches  of  study  professed 
in  the  colleges  of  agriculture,  industrial  and  mechanic 
art,  civil  and  mining  engineering,  and  metallurgy,  etc., 
etc.,  selected  from,  and  elected  by  the  university's 
alumni,  who,  free  from  party  bias  and  party  favoritism, 
nor  shunning  the  searching  light  of  day,  are,  of  any,  best 
acquainted  with  the  shortcomings  and  hence  the  wants 
of  their  Alma  Mater  ; — its  President  neither  the  repre- 
sentative of  Hood  and  carnage  nor  of  strife  and  litigation, 
but  in  lieu  thereof  a  lifelong  devotee  to  science,  of  nation- 
al renown — an  educator, with  distinguished  executive  abil- 
ity in  the  bargain  ;  he,  the  ex-officio  member  of  the  Board 
of  Regents,  their  fit  and  trusty  referee  and  counselor  ; 
its  Professors  and  Instructors  no  longer  favorites  and  in- 
competent in  part,  but  professional  educators,  of  sterling 
merit  in  their  respective  spheres  :  live  teachers,  fasci- 
nating lecturers,  who  create  within  the  student's  breast 
that  warm  interest  in  study,  in  the  unceasing  creation  of 
which  centers  the  art  of  teaching  ;  who  spurn  the  me- 
chanical, insipid  and  fatiguing  process,  at  the  depreciation 
of  the  other  mental  faculties,  of  mere  text-book  mem- 


10 

orizing  and  reciting  ;  who  disdain  to  place  before  their 
pupils  the  ever-warmed-up  food  from  one  book — a  one- 
sided and  oft  ill-adapted  book  ;  whose  main  text-book, 
as  with  the  German  educator,  must  be  located  above 
their  brows  ;  who  hold  within  their  grasp  the  fruit  of 
all  who  have  thought  upon  their  theme,  and  searched 
and  found  ;  who  spread  it  out  with  the  fruit  of  their 
own  thought,  their  own  labor,  ever  fresh  and  new, 
before  the  hungry  class  of  their  own  creation  ;  who,  in 
fine,  make  the  student  not  a  mere  unreflecting  imitator, 
but  a  thinker  and  originator  :  thus  leading  him,  by  the 
development  and  enlargement  of  his  inward  mental 
treasures  through  self-activity  and  self-exertion,  not  to 
knowledge  only,  but  to  skill,  and  thence  to  be  a  power  in 
the  land. 

There  it  stood,  its  beacon-light  high  aloft,  a  "  temple 
of  wisdom"  frowning  down  ignorance  and  error,  empir- 
icism, bigotry  and  dogmatism,  as  the  battlements  of  our 
country's  forts  frowned  down  our  country's  foes  ;  its 
Regents,  President,  Professors  and  Instructors  one  and 
all  zealous  and  enthusiastic  in  the  never-faltering  ad- 
vancement of  the  reverenced  Alma  Mater. 


Free  thought,  honestly  expressed,  being  the  birth- 
right of  a  free  people,  he  who  in  our  country  on  his 
own  bonds  launches  upon  the  world  his  criticism  of 
public  men  and  matters  under  an  anonymous  garb,  or 
noni  de  plume,  is  either  a  coward  or  a  knave.  Thus, 
with  our  civilities  to  the  reader,  we  sign  our  humble 
name,  as  we  invariably  do,  and  an  honest  freeman 
always  should,  in  full. 

GUSTAVUS    SCHULTE. 

BROOKLYN,  CAL.,  July  26th,  1872. 


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